I think these are unique and random numbers assigned to the standards and do not follow any pattern except maybe a few like ISO 15189 and ISO 15190 which follow and are related; ie Medical laboratories-requirements for quality and competence and Medical laboratories-requirement for safety.
I think the 17000 series is related to conformity. I am a volunteer in Argentina in the group that studies the ISO 17025, ISO 17043, ISO 17034 standards, for example, and that committee is called "Committee on conformity assessment"
Comments
I think these are unique and random numbers assigned to the standards and do not follow any pattern except maybe a few like ISO 15189 and ISO 15190 which follow and are related; ie Medical laboratories-requirements for quality and competence and Medical laboratories-requirement for safety.
I think the 17000 series is related to conformity. I am a volunteer in Argentina in the group that studies the ISO 17025, ISO 17043, ISO 17034 standards, for example, and that committee is called "Committee on conformity assessment"
More information on the ISO committee here: https://www.iso.org/committee/54998.html